In this Report J'son & Partners Consulting collected almost all the latest achievements in the segment of Additive Manufacturing (AM) at the time of the study. The main types and parameters of printers, printing technology, materials, options for finished products, examples of use and application. The Report contains a detailed assessment of the 3D printing market in Russia and in the world, forecasts and trends.

 

The Report formulates the "Golden rules" of 3D printing applicability, lists the Control questions to assist in the selection of production equipment, and describes in detail answers to the following questions:

 

- Is it possible to print this part on a 3D printer and what equipment is better to use? How to choose technology, material, printers for printing?

- How effective is it for the Company?

- How to improve the efficiency of 3D printing?

- How to organize work on 3D printing in the Company?

 

The Report includes a Database of all existing industrial printers in the world, their combination with technology and materials, as well as lists of the main printing parameters.

 

The main segments of the players that make up the 3D printing ecosystem in Russia are described in detail. The Report also contains an Atlas of 3D printing Companies in Russia.

 

"In fact, the study can be considered a unique reference book, textbook, and even an encyclopedia of the current state of 3D printing. The customer can be sure that there is nothing similar in terms of coverage of all aspects of the AP neither in the domestic nor in the foreign research space, excluding only some unknown to us, but probably existing developments in the defense industry."

From the review of a professional Expert who participated in the study

 

The use of information and knowledge from the study conducted by J'son & Partners Consulting gives a complete picture of the possibilities of building your own strategy of participation in the most modern and significant process for the development of almost any production segment – additive manufacturing process.

 

The key to the design of the 3D printing application strategy are clearly formulated ambitions and ideas about their place in the future economy and production – at the level of the enterprise, industry, or country.

 

The optimal expertise selection strategy should come from the maximum range of available values. In other words, if it is possible to take the best from the best - it must be done that way. And this study, in this sense, is a direct action guide. At the same time, the "climb" process can be easily linked to the current needs of your own or related production.

 

1. Prospects of 3D printing applications

 

The analysis conducted by J'son & Partners Consulting showed that:

 

The 3D printing market is at the very beginning of its ascent, there are a lot of experiments of 3D printing in different industries, we see various product items, product redesign; 3D printing software is being intensively improved, as well as materials, equipment and processes in this field.

 

3D printing confidently takes its place in almost all sectors of the real sector of the economy, it is put into commercial operation, the companies continue to expand the range of printed products.

 

Application of additive technologies in production, marketing, design, visualization for clients and company management is expanding every year.

 

World’s industrial leaders and experts predict that:

 

- 2/3 of industrial leaders already use AP in production processes

 

- by 2030, 2/3 of all manufactured products in the world will be produced with printed components

 

- between 2030 and 2050 in some manufacturing industries 3D printing will allow to print a fully finished product.

 

Although prototyping remains a large segment of AP (being historically its first application), the highest rate of AM demand can be seen in other segments, including manufacturing of spare parts.

 

According to a survey of 1000 global industrial companies conducted by Sculpteo^[1], more than 40% of companies are already using 3D printing for manufacturing products in 2018 (compared to 22% in 2017), while the greatest use rate is achieved in the aerospace sector (more than 60% of companies use AP in production).

 

According to estimates of the world market given by Wohlers, parts manufacturing is already the largest share of AM application (33%), in comparison with other applications.

 

Pioneers of the market are the US, Japan, Western European countries, including Germany, the UK, France and several other countries. Each of them has its own established leaders – manufacturers of 3D printers. South Korea, Israel and China are showing considerable activity, and their speed of development of new technologies raises concerns about the traditional global leader in high-tech – the United States.

 

The level of 3D printing penetration varies from industry to industry and depends on the advantages of additive technologies in a particular industry, as well as on the barriers to their use.

 

More than 50% of the market is taken by: industry, aerospace, car manufacturing, medicine and dentistry, consumer sector.

 

With time, the share of 3D printing in the finished product will increase. As 3D printing enters new industries, the number of products produced in these industries will grow rapidly.

 

However, the transition to a higher level of maturity is determined by the technological readiness of the company, industry and country.

 

Talking about the prospects, it should be noted that long-term drivers of additive production development are the positive effects that these innovative technologies can have on the development of individual companies, industries, and the economy as a whole.

 

^[1] Cloud 3D printing service provider, France. https://www.sculpteo.com/media/ebook/State_of_3DP_2018.pdf

 

2. Technology and equipment selection strategy for 3D printing

 

Numerous combinations of initial parameters caused by a wide range of technologies, materials and equipment necessitate careful comparison and reasonable selection of a production set for printing.

 

The selected 3D printing technology determines the material, support structures, post-processing requirements, printer; plays a significant role in the cost and speed of construction of the part. And ultimately affects the quality and properties of the finished part.

 

Today there is no uniform approach and rules – how to print this or that part most effectively. There is no printer that could be a leader in all or many key indicators. There is still no standardized equipment, common principles of technology or material selection, there is still no standardized processes.

 

New printing processes based on innovative physical principles are being constantly invented and patented, and the progress in creating new types of plastic and solid materials that combine the best properties of metal and plastic for 3D printing is still going on.

 

More than 600 patents have been issued in the field of 3D printing since 1996, more than 50 methods (processes) of printing have been patented by the manufacturers of 3D printers, more than 100 patents for technologies in different industries are issued to different companies every year (industrial leaders patent their own solutions and developments).

 

Despite the abundance of information, it is still difficult for the end user to understand how to obtain the required part based on the available capabilities and resources.

 

The choice of 3D printing technology and material is an engineering task. It is a typical task in terms of the lack of a uniquely correct solution.

 

Each individual print order requires detailed consideration (determination of feasibility, possible characteristics improvement, economic impact).

 

Therefore, it is possible to identify some selection criteria, but it is difficult to uniquely determine the correct sequence without your own (or partner) system with developed selection algorithms, since each case is unique and requires taking into account the nuances (for example, compliance of the printing parameters with the required properties of the part).

 

The optimal choice of 3D printing equipment requires understanding of the compromise offered by different processes and parameters.

 

When analyzing these tradeoffs, the sequence of decisions depends on the key characteristics which are required to be obtained as a result of the printing: strength, printing speed, minimum resolution, cost, etc.

 

While studying this diversity, it is useful to develop different Classifiers for key indicators that facilitate comparison, knowledge and expertise in three-dimensional printing.

 

J'son & Partners Consulting recommends the Customer Company to develop its own evaluation system of printing parameters that affect mechanical properties of the part, which allow to make effective decisions on the choice of equipment.

 

Also, assessing the maturity of technologies and the potential of AM application in their field, J'son & Partners Consulting consultants recommend to regularly analyze successful cases of 3D printing application by global leaders both in their own industry and in other industries, both in Russia and in other countries.

 

3. The current status of the development of additive technologies in Russia

 

Russian and foreign experts characterize the current development of the Russian market of additive technologies as a stage of formation in comparison with the world and stress its low maturity in general.

 

There is a reason to believe that the reality may differ significantly from some traditional quantitative counting systems.

 

In Russia we can already see manufacturers of materials and expensive industrial 3D-printers which cost more than 5 million rubles each, there is already a critical mass of developments, additive industry is included in the technological agenda of the state. The leading industrial centers of the country and state corporations have begun the transition from prototyping, production of equipment, studying the possibilities given by the technology and R&D, to repair of functional products and selective printing of final working products.

 

The analysis conducted by J'son & Partners Consulting allows us to conclude that there is no technological lag of the Russian Federation in the AM segment. Some quality indicators of AM achievements in Russia (engines, turbines, buildings, materials...) have already put the country among the world leaders in the development of such technologies.

 

But due to the implementational, investment and commercial conditions and still weak cooperation, civil industries lag far behind in terms of AP application and development of commercial services (3D printing on demand).

 

J'son & Partners Consulting concludes that Russia's share in the global 3D printing market of 1.5% is not representative as an indicator of the state of this technology in a single country.

 

The real indicators of participation in the global competition of development and application of 3D printing in AP are:

 

- Establishment and operation of AP competence centres

- Formation of national coordination centers and development programs

- Formation of knowledge base of materials, raw materials, technologies, compatibility, compliance, testing methods, national standardization, application and substitution practices, etc.

- Design and production of printers

- Development and hybridization of processes

- Development and hybridization of filaments

- Development and improvement of software for AM processes

- State support for AM implementation.

 

Using these synthetic quality indicators, it is possible to more accurately define each country’s position in the competitive field, as well as its potential.

 

Russia, according to expert estimates, according to these indicators can confidently claim a place in top ten, among leaders, with the potential to take first place in the next few years in case of accelerated implementation of the measures outlined in the strategic statements made by the government and country’s flagships of AM (J'son & Partners Consulting).

 

To date, Russia is actively working on the development of additive technologies: competence centers are being formed and national standards for the segment are being prepared. For companies that want to test the capabilities of 3D printing there have been created several centers of competence for additive technologies and prototyping in the regions of Russia. Such organizations bring their additive equipment into use. The service is suitable for those who need to conduct R&D, produce a unique product, test the capabilities of their technological prototype.

 

The spread of additive manufacturing should be one of the effects of the traditional industry transformation at the turn of 2025-2035.

 

4. Ecosystem of the Russian AM market

 

In Russia there has already appeared a strong ecosystem of players.

 

Russia has mastered production of equipment and raw materials, Russia has begun to develop specific AP software. A strong and reliable team, able to provide all services on a "turnkey" basis in Russia has already formed. And they are already running a number of AM projects in large industrial sectors.

 

Among the key players we can identify:

 

- manufacturers of AM equipment

- material manufacturers providing the above mentioned,

- distributors

- 3D printing service providers (including engineering, design offices, collective access centers)

- scientific, educational and training centers, specialized departments, which are tasked with studying the properties and testing of printing modes with domestic materials, conducting research and R&D

- large state customers engaged in in-house development and implementation of AM for their own needs, with the possibility of subsequent monetization of these technologies in the commercial market

- software developers

- specialized online sources dedicated to 3D printing.

 

The major players’ profiles are considered separately in the special sections of the Report "The 3D printing market and additive technology application prospects in Russia and in the world".However, there is still too strong dependence on imports and R&D funds for bringing the infrastructure to commercialization at the global level.

 

5. Volume of the 3D printing market in Russia

 

The Russian market of 3D printing equipment and services has demonstrated sustainable development over the past 8 years.

 

In order to assess the 3D printing market in Russia, J'son & Partners Consulting consultants reviewed:

• the volume of imported equipment, components, materials and additional equipment for 3D printing according to customs statistics for the available period from 2011 to 2018,
• sales of Russian printers and materials, according to expert surveys,
• sales to corporate and private customers (B2B/B2C),
• volume of government and commercial tender of different companies (bidding platforms), which includes the cost of government, academic and private companies:

             - equipment

             - materials

             - software

             - services (including R&D, technology development and study, analysis of materials)]

             - other (incl. expenses for the creation of additive centers, integration and implementation of various equipment and services).

 

Key indicators of the Russian market (assessment by J'son & Partners Consulting)

 

- The 3D printing market in Russia is growing steadily: over the past 8 years, in quantitative terms, it has grown 10 times (according to J'son & Partners Consulting).

 

- In monetary terms, total sales of 3D printing equipment, materials and services (including R&D) rose to 4.5 billion rubles per year ($69 million, estimated in 2018)

 

- Purchase of 3D equipment, additional equipment and materials accounts for about 80% of the market. While globally, 60% are 3D printing services/engineering. This corresponds to the situation in United States in 2001

 

- Domestic printers account for about 30% of sales in the Russian market

 

- A significant role in the structure of demand in the 3D printing market in Russia, as well as the development of research competencies is played by large corporate customers

 

- In the structure of imports in quantitative terms about 90% are low-budget 3D printers, in value terms the maximum sales (up to 70%) are the most expensive machines

 

- The Russian market of 3D printing equipment and materials is characterized by a high degree of competition between foreign players.

Manufacturers from Germany and USA are the leaders in the rating of companies that supply equipment and materials for 3D printing. China closes the top three countries, the largest exporters of additive equipment and materials in Russia.

 

Leading positions on total imports to the Russian market in this period were held by the following companies: 3D SYSTEMS, СONCEPT LASER GMBH, VOXELJET AG, STRATASYS, ENVISIONTEC, MARKFORGET, FORMLABS, PRODWAYS GROUP, ULTIMAKER, HUNAN FARSOON HIGH-TECH CO, MUNDO SL, BEIJING TIER TIME TECHNOLOGY CO.LTD, WANHAO etc.

 

The Russian AM market has a branch structure that repeats the global one – industry, aerospace and medicine are traditional leaders in 3D printing of functional products.

 

6. Key conclusions

 

In general, J'son & Partners Consulting states that currently in Russia we can see conditions for a qualitative leap in the development of the AM technology market.

 

Significant scientific potential has been preserved, domestic industrial-grade 3D printers have been already developed, metal powder manufacturers have significantly improved the quality, and industrial consumers outside the traditional leaders (aviation and engine manufacturers) are gradually beginning to understand the advantages of 3D printing, moving to the production of final functional products.

 

Technological and industrial potential of AM implementation in the Russian Federation is still not used to its full. Actualization of this potential, supported by the state, has a chance to put Russia among the leaders in terms of quality indicators of use, implementation, production and export of advanced additive technologies, materials and equipment.

 

The Russian market of additive technologies has the potential to become one of the world leaders both in terms of volumes and technological development, as the overall reindustrialization and digitalization go, as well as increasing in the share of industry and, first of all, engineering in the economy.

 

The company J'son & Partners Consulting specializes in rendering complex consulting, investment, strategic and engineering services in the sphere of additive technologies:

 

- preparation of information and analytical reports to get acquainted with the market of additive technologies, including information on modern materials, equipment, world and domestic examples of 3D printing

 

- formation and justification of AM (additive manufacturing) technology development forecasts in the Customer's industry

 

- conducting familiarization and training activities aimed at improving the skills of engineers and managers (Customer employees) in the field of 3D printing, including familiarization (excursions) with real production

 

- search for the most profitable applications of 3D printing in the production activities of the Customer, including: technological audit of production, analysis of product range (needs), recommendations of optimal production technology, feasibility study of the proposed solutions

 

- development of the project of the production site for the introduction of AM in the Customer’s production cycle, including selection and justification of technological equipment, formation of a list of suppliers, development of the technical project for procurement procedures (tenders), development of the project construction documentation, personnel search

 

- R&D, development and adaptation of products for manufacturing with the use of AM, including topological and multi-objective optimization, development of design methods

 

- production by methods of industrial 3D printing of metal, polymer and ceramic materials with involvement of competent partners (contractors)

 

- development of methods and full-scale testing of material samples, printed products with involvement of certified laboratories

 

- carrying out of accompanying works, preparation of documentation which is necessary for certification of printed Products.

 

J'son & Partners Consulting can offer participation in the development of an evolutionary budget development model and a program for the implementation of additive manufacturing at a mutually agreed rate. As well as in assessing the profitability of the creation and operation of a universal or specialized 3D printing industry Center in the Russian Federation and abroad.

 

J'son & Partners Consulting consultants have enough experience and expertise, mathematical tools and economic models, a developed network of professional partners and experts to offer the most effective strategy to maximize the benefits of AM development in the real sector.

 

In addition to technical and economic, legislative, production and personnel precautions and prioritization, it is possible to develop, together with stakeholders, a system step-by-step strategy for the development of additive manufacturing with various degrees of support, taking into account numerous factors, aspects of counteraction, global and industry competition, technological advantages and vulnerabilities, with a non-trivial financial model and participation in technological integration.

 

7. Database in Excel format

 

___________________________

This information note was prepared by the J'son & Partners Consulting. We work hard to provide factual and prognostic data that fully reflect the situation and available at the time of release. J'son & Partners Consulting reserves the right to revise the data after publication of new official information by individual players. 

 

Copyright © 2019, J'son & Partners Consulting. The media can use the text, graphics, and data contained in this market review only using a link to the source of information - J'son & Partners Consulting or with an active link to the JSON.TV portal

 

™ J'son & Partners [registered trademark] 

 

For more information, please contact:
Key account manager  +7 926 561 09 80    news@json.ru J'son & Partners Consulting	101990, Moscow, Armenian Lane, 11/2a b. 1B Tel.: +7 (495) 625-72-45, www.json.tv

Detailed results of the study are presented in the full report:

 

"The 3D printing market in Russia and in the world in 2018 (Additive Manufacturing, AM)”

 

Contents

 

1. Introduction          

1.1.    Terms and definitions        

1.2.    The basic principle of additive manufacturing technologies      

1.3.    Limitations of traditional manufacturing and benefits of 3D printing    

1.4.    Criteria for 3D printing applicability

1.4.1.  Complexity criteria   

1.4.2.  Customization criteria        

1.4.3.  Scope of 3D printing in the model: volume-complexity-customization

2. Preparation for printing, reverse-engineering, software, AM stages

2.1.    Software as a technological basis of additive manufacturing

2.1.1.  Possible errors in CAD

2.1.2.  Software products used in 3D printing     

2.1.3.  Forecast for development of 3D printing software        

2.2.    3D model design automation software for industrial 3D printers

2.3.    Preparation for printing. Stages of additive manufacturing       

2.3.1.  STEP 1. Design development - CAD design, creation and optimization of 3D (CAD) models 

2.3.2.  STEP 2. 3D model optimization     

2.3.3.  STEP 3. Conversion of CAD data (CAD models) to STL/AMF formats, error correction        

2.3.4.  STEP 4. Transfer of STL data to the printer, positioning, simulation, cutting  

2.3.5.  STEP 5. Printer setup         

2.3.6.  STEP 6. Production  

2.3.7.  STEP 7. Removing the part and supports 

2.3.8.  STEP 8. Post-processing    

2.3.9.  STEP 9. Quality control, testing, certification      

2.3.10.         STEP 10. Use

3. Classification and segmentation of additive technologies          

3.1.    Additive manufacturing technologies        

3.1.1.  Vat Photopolymerization, VP        

3.1.2.  Material Jetting, MJ  

3.1.3.  Binder Jetting, BJ    

3.1.4.  Powder Bed Fusion, PBF    

3.1.5.  Extrusion material, Material Extrusion, ME

3.1.6.  Directed Energy Deposit, DED      

3.1.7.  Sheet Lamination, SL        

3.1.8.  Hybrid processes    

3.2.    Materials used in additive manufacturing  

3.3.1.  Polymers      

3.3.2.  Metals

3.3.3.  Ceramics      

3.3.4.  Composites and hybrid materials  

3.3.5.  Forecast of application of materials in the oil and gas industry

4. Dynamics and trends of the additive technology market in the world

4.1.    The global AM market       

4.1.1.  The AM equipment market 

4.1.2.  The AM materials market for

4.1.3.  The 3D printing services market    

4.1.4.  The geographical AM market        

4.2.    Main trends of development of the AM market   

4.2.1.  Formation of the AM ecosystem   

4.2.2.  AM as part of Industry 4.0 

4.2.3.  Development of AM materials

4.2.4.  Development of AM processes     

4.2.5.  AM and automation processes

5. Development prospects of additive technologies in Russia

5.1.    Volume of the 3D printing market in Russia       

5.2.    Current status of additive technologies in Russia 

5.3.    Ecosystem of the Russian AM market     

5.3.1.  Russian 3D printing service providers      

5.3.2.  3D printing material manufacturers

5.3.3.  R&D centers 

5.3.4.  3D printing equipment manufacturers      

5.3.5.  Software for AM     

5.3.6.  Instruments of state support, specialized associations, information resources         

5.4.    Examples of development of the Russian market of AM

5.4.1.  The flagship of AM in Russia - UEC

5.5.    State regulation and certification problems        

5.6.    Specificity of the development and trends of the Russian AM market  

5.7.    Profiles of key players of the Russian AM ecosystem    

5.7.1.  Contracted 3D printing service providers  

5.7.2.  Key material manufacturers. Metal powders       

5.7.3.  3D printing equipment manufacturers      

5.8.    Interim conclusions on the chapter

6. Overview of the existing industrial 3D printers and their characteristics    

6.1.    Manufacturing of 3D printers in the world 

6.2.    Mandatory combination: printer + material + process + properties of the finished part

6.2.1.  Unresolved problems, needs in research and innovation, expert review accumulation         

6.2.2.  Approaches to classification of 3D printing equipment, classifiers       

6.2.3.  Classification of 3D printers by application segments    

6.2.4.  Classification of 3D printers by process and technology type   

6.2.5.  Classification of equipment by the printer scheme (corresponding to the FDM technology)

6.2.6.  Classification of equipment by type of raw materials used       

6.3.    Printer selection criteria      

6.3.1.  Forced compromise of parameters

6.3.2.  Comparison Productchart.com: Price and resolution      

6.3.3.  Speed-Resolution-Price-Print volume (4 printers taken for example)    

6.3.4.  Dependencies: resolution (layer thickness) - printing time        

6.3.5.  Effect of printing methods on speed       

6.3.6.  Compromise of distribution density, layer height, fill pattern (according to the tests)

6.4.    Key manufacturers of equipment for additive manufacturing    

6.5.    Best industrial printers in 2018 – the most innovative machines

6.6.    Other methods of comparison of 3D printers. Examples of ratings     

6.7.    Classification of 3D printers by J'son & Partners Consulting: comparative analysis of the process, functionality, comparison of printers of different price and performance categories

7. State regulation, certification, standardization in Russia and in the world

7.1.    Standardization of additive manufacturing (3D printing) 

7.1.1.  Evolution of 3D printing technologies and projected maturity levels    

7.1.2.  Certification components   

7.1.3.  Scheme of voluntary certification of 3D printing process / products (example)        

7.1.4.  General procedure for qualification of production processes    

7.1.5.  General procedure for conformity assessment    

7.1.6.  A set of tests and testing methods as a basis for standardization       

7.1.7.  Legitimization and standardization within industry leaders        

7.1.8.  The role of industry regulatory organizations and the state in development and dissemination of standards     

7.1.9.  Differences between the American and European systems of 3D printing standardization    

7.2.    Standardization, certification, technical regulation of additive technologies in Russia

7.2.1.  Some actual aspects of assessment and conformity assessment       

7.2.2.  Aspects of technical regulation in comparison with the world market  

7.2.3.  Aspects of conformity assessment of additive technologies     

7.2.4.  Aspects of standardization of additive technologies      

7.2.5.  Issues of application of products obtained by additive technologies   

7.2.6.  Certification of a 3D-printer in Russia in accordance with the technical regulations    

7.2.7.  Additional background information on certification processes in the Russian Federation      

8. Cases of application of additive technologies in industry and oil and gas sector (in Russia and in the world)  

8.1.    The use of additive technologies in the industries of the world

8.1.1.  AM car manufacturing        

8.1.2.  Additively manufactured electronic components  

8.1.3.  AM in medicine       

8.2.    Cases of additive manufacturing technologies implementation in Russia        

8.2.1.  Gas industry 

8.2.2.  Aerospace    

8.2.3.  Engineering   

8.2.4.  Metallurgy    

8.2.5.  Shipbuilding  

8.2.6.  Car manufacturing

9. Barriers and limitations in use of additive technologies in industry and oil and gas sector, ways to overcome them, forecasts of their elimination

9.1.    Technological limitations    

9.1.1.  Restrictions on the hardware performance

9.1.2.  Restrictions on materials used      

9.1.3.  Limitations of preprocessing and software application. Expertise in reverse engineering

9.1.4.  Limitations of post-processing      

9.2.    Limitations of technological expertise      

9.3.    Economic limitations of the AM market    

9.3.1.  AM cost structure    

9.4.    Limitations of certification and standardization    

9.5.    General industrial restrictions

1. Risks of using additive technologies in industry and oil and gas sector and ways to reduce them 

10.1.   Technological risks  

10.2.   Economic risks       

10.3.   Production and operational risks

1. Conclusions and recommendations. Criteria for selection of technology, equipment and material for 3D printing MTR    

11.1.   Prospects of 3D printing application        

11.2.   Evaluation of the 3D printing market in the world

11.3.   Limitations to use of 3D printing   

11.3.1.         Trends in the development of equipment 

11.3.2.         Fundamental limitations that may also constrain the use of AM

11.4.   Technologies and materials of additive manufacturing             

11.5.   Current status of standardization and certification in Russia and in the world  

11.6.   Technology – material - equipment selection strategy for 3D printing  

11.6.1.         Variables to be taken into account when selecting Equipment-Technology-Material   

11.6.2.         Available range - dilemma of choice        

11.6.3.         Parameters and combinations of variables that affect part properties 

11.6.4.         Variables that affect the cost of manufacturing of one part     

11.7.   Approaches to the arrangement of the Knowledge Base Matrix and 3D printing software

11.7.1.Recommended Structure of the Knowledge Base Matrix 

11.7.2.         The role of specialized software and decision support systems

11.7.3.         Existing approaches to decision-making and database arrangement    

11.7.4.         Solutions and examples of the Knowledge Base structuring      

11.7.5.         Creation of the Knowledge Base Algorithms for technology - material - equipment selection

11.7.6.         Criteria for determining the applicability of 3D printing   

11.7.7.         Example of arrangement of the Knowledge Base: Recommendations for selection of technologies and equipment for 3D printing      

11.8.   Summary and conclusion

2. Annex 1.  Industrial plants for additive manufacturing. Overview and features

12.1.   Vat Photopolymerization, VP        

12.2.   Material Extrusion, ME       

12.3.   Material Jetting, MJ  

12.4.   Binder Jetting, BJ    

12.5.   Powder Bed Fusion, PBF    

12.6.   Directed Energy Deposition, DED  

12.7.   Sheet Lamination, SL        

12.8.   Electronic printers, robotic printers

3. Annex 2.  Source: Youngstown State University, United States “Making sense of 3-D printing: Creating a map of additive manufacturing products and services”

13. Annex 2. Source: Youngstown State University, United States "Making sense of 3-D printing: Creating a map of additional manufacturing products and services"

14. Annex 3. 3D Printing Database in Excel format

• Printers database
• Printers database
• Characteristics of some printers
• AM materials database
• Database of the Russian market participants
• The AM market participants survey data

• Summary data on the printers database (manufacturers)
• Summary data on the printers database (processes)

• Summary data on the database on AM materials (processes)
• Summary data on the database on AM materials (manufacturers)

 

List of pictures

Pic. 1 Development stages of the 3D-printing market      

Pic. 2 3D printing application purposes in industrial companies in the world, comparison of 2017 and 2018 

Pic. 3 Value chain in traditional and additive manufacturing         

Pic. 4 Value chain change under the influence of 3D printing        

Pic. 5 Complex design is no longer an economic barrier. 3D printing allows you to implement innovative design     

Pic. 6 The weight matters: assessment of savings from reducing the mass of products in different industries         

Pic. 7 Saving cost and time of production with use of equipment printed on a 3D printer

Pic. 8 Cost of manufacturing soda cans in standard manufacturing using 3D printing         

Pic. 9 Comparison of traditional and digital  tooling manufacturing

Pic. 10 3D printing application (depending on the volume of production, complexity, customization) and the cost of manufacturing of 1 part on real examples        

Pic. 11 Examples of reducing the weight of parts by increasing the design complexity (an arm on the left,an enginebracket on the right )  

Pic. 12 In traditional manufacturing, increasing complexity / customization increase the costs. In 3D printing customization and complexity are achieved without increasing the cost (free)          

Pic. 13 3D printing application (three-dimensional model - complexity, customization, volume of production)

Pic. 14 3D printing of a ball bearing and a LEAP, GE fuel injector 

Pic. 15 “Shenzhen KINGS 3D Printing Technology Co.” factory in Shanghai, China 

Pic. 16 Local Motors, USA: 3D printing of a car   

Pic. 17 Software for additive manufacturing (on the example of the software complex used by the company "FITNIK" for design, printing and testing)      

Pic. 18 TOP 20 most popular programs for 3D modeling in 3D printing     

Pic. 19. Forecast of 3D printing software sales revenue in oil and gas industry (USD million) USA, 2016-2027.       

Pic. 20. Preparation for printing. Main stages of additive manufacturing    

Pic. 21. Example of reverse engineering (a real object on the left, a model on the right)   

Pic. 22. Example of reverse engineering of a part (a real object on the left, a model on the right)  

Pic. 23. Example of reverse engineering of a mechanism (a real object on the left, a model on the right)   

Pic. 24. Optimizing the structure of the fastener  

Pic. 25. Example of generative design    

Pic. 26. Examples of computer-generated product forms 

Pic. 27. 3D models of parts with supports           

Pic. 28. Example of supports detachment caused by deformation during the 3D printing process    

Pic. 29. Deformed part (on the left), printing calculation in Netfabb Simulation module (on the right)

Pic. 30. Support system detachment on a printed part (on the left), 3D printing analysis of the same part in Netfabb Simulation (on the right)         

Pic. 31. Modeling a term backup for drilling        

Pic. 32. Classification of technologies according to the layer formation method     

Pic. 33 Additive processes         

Pic. 34 Light curing additive process      

Pic. 35 Stereolithography principles, SLA

Pic. 36 Calibration model           

Pic. 37 Functional assembly, the parts are made with the SLA technology

Pic. 38 Prototypes of products made with the SLA technology      

Pic. 39 Casting and a casting model made with the Quick cast technology

Pic. 40 Principles of the CLIP technology

Pic. 41 Detail by stages of the CLIP process       

Pic. 42 Additive process of jet application           

Pic. 43 Principles of material jetting, MJ  

Pic. 44 Prototype made with the MJ technology and a steel part   

Pic. 45 Parts made with the MJ technology         

Pic. 46 Additive process of jet application of binder         

Pic. 47 Principles of binder jetting, BJ     

Pic. 48 Prototype made with the CJP technology 

Pic. 49 Sand-and-polymer form and casting details         

Pic. 50 Additive synthesis process on a substrate, powder layer formation           

Pic. 51 Principles of the laser sintering technology, LS     

Pic. 52 Example of the arrangement of parts in the printer camera          

Pic. 53 Visual prototypes made with the SLS (selective laser sintering) technology

Pic. 54 Part made with the SLS technology         

Pic. 55 Principles of the laser melting technology, LM      

Pic. 56 Support systems, SLM (selective laser melting) technology           

Pic. 57 Space satellite antenna metal bracket, SLM         

Pic. 58 Parts made with the SLM technology       

Pic. 59 Principles of electron beam melting, EBM 

Pic. 60 Implants, made with the EBM technology

Pic. 61 Additive materialextrusion process

Pic. 62 Principles of fused deposition modeling, FDM       

Pic. 63 Parts made with the composite fiber co-extrusion technology        

Pic. 64 An electric appliance body with instant support before and after separation of the support structures

Pic. 65 Cone crusher layout, FDM          

Pic. 66 Principles of the ADAM technology          

Pic. 67 Equipment for drilling of metal polymers

Pic. 68 Laser scanning of the part geometry after printing           

Pic. 69 Snap-in for fixing thin-walled parts after CNC machining   

Pic. 70 Printing of parts made of silicon carbide, the DIW technology       

Pic. 71 Additive process of direct energy and material supply      

Pic. 72 Principles of the EBAM technology           

Pic. 73 Part made with the EBAM technology      

Pic. 74 Parts made with the WAAM technology before and after milling    

Pic. 75 Metal fusion, LENS technology    

Pic. 76 Metal application, LMD technology          

Pic. 77 Principles of the DMD technology

Pic. 78 Manufacturing a part with the DMD technology    

Pic. 79 Part after milling

Pic. 80 Parts made with the CSAM technology     

Pic. 81 Additive sheet lamination process           

Pic. 82 Principles of sheet lamination technologies          

Pic. 83 Use of UAM in manufacturing of parts with built-in sensors           

Pic. 84 Comparison of production time of impellers         

Pic. 85 Integration of electronic sensors in a hybrid system         

Pic. 86 Additive and subtractive tools in hybrid equipment           

Pic. 87 Additive and subtractive processes applied in one printer 

Pic. 88 Hybrid processes with use of the WAAM technology         

Pic. 89 Hybrid processes using the Cold Spray technology           

Pic. 90 Classification of AP materials      

Pic. 91 Classification of AP materials, polymers   

Pic. 92 Classification of thermoplastics   

Pic. 93 Transparent parts made with the SLA (by processing stages)       

Pic. 94 Transparent model of the mechanism, SLA          

Pic. 95 PP-like resin body with latches and swivel, SLA   

Pic. 96 Prototype of a rubber-like resin car tire, SLA       

Pic. 97 Part made of burned-out resin, SLA        

Pic. 98 Material characteristics   

Pic. 99 Metal materials in AP     

Pic. 100 Classification of AP materials, ceramics 

Pic. 101 Classification of AP materials, composites          

Pic. 102 Metal powder consumption in AP in the oil and gas industry, kg              

Pic. 105 The global market for AP products and services by years, million dollars, USA     

Pic. 107 AP forecast in the oil and gas market and growth rates  

Pic. 108 Sales of AP industrial systems, pieces    

Pic. 109 The market of industrial AP systems by companies (by number of systems), 2017

Pic. 110 The market of industrial AP systems by countries (by number of systems), 2017 

Pic. 111 The market of industrial AP systems (by number of systems), for the period from 1988 to 2017

Pic. 112 Average cost of industrial AP systems (2001-2017), thousand US dollars 

Pic. 113 Number of sold industrial systems of metal AP (2000-2017), pieces.       

Pic. 116 Sales of household 3D printers, pieces   

Pic. 117 AP materials sales, 2001-2017, million US dollars           

Pic. 118 The primary market of AP services, billion US dollars (1994-2017)          

Pic. 119 Metal parts made in AP, pieces.            

Pic. 120 Polymer parts made in AP, pieces.        

Pic. 121 Industrial systems, metal AP by manufacturers  

Pic. 122 Industrial AP systems, by countries, Asia           

Pic. 123 Promising ecosystem of Additive Manufacturing (in the world)    

Pic. 124 Suite Hensoldt Sensors AM module        

Pic. 125 Cloud platform for supply chain building in AP, DiManEx  

Pic. 126 Directions of development of AP materials

Pic. 127 Arevo Platform, algorithm of actions      

Pic. 128 Arevo Platform 

Pic. 129 The Russian market of equipment and materials for 3D printing, mln. rubles       

Pic. 130 Number of 3D printers sold in Russia in 2017, pieces.     

Pic. 131 Cost of 3D printers sold in Russia in 2017, mln. rubles    

Pic. 132 Structure of the market for 3D printing equipment, services and materials, 2017, mln. rubles       

Pic. 133 Structure of procurement of equipment, consumables, software and services for 3D printing by market segments

Pic. 134 Example of an application for the supply of 3D printer and prototyping equipment for the “Regional engineering center of radio-electronic instrument-making” according to the tender procurement data

Pic. 135 Example of an application for the supply of the 3D printer Formlabs Form 2 with a set of consumables according to the tender procurement data          

Pic. 136 Example of an application for the supply of 3D printing services (restoration of the bandage shelf of the TVD GTK-10-4 working blades) using additive technology (laser cladding) for the needs of the JSC "Gazenergoservice"    

Pic. 137 Geographical structure of purchases of equipment, consumables, software and services for 3D printing in Russia (by the number of purchases)   

Pic. 138 Geographical structure of procurement of equipment, consumables, software and services for 3D printing in the Russian Federation (at the cost of procurement) 

Pic. 139 Imports of equipment and materials for 3D printing (customs value), mln. rubles 

Pic. 140 Import of 3D printers (total customs value by price categories), mln. rubles

Pic. 141 Dynamics of imports of equipment and materials for 3D printing (customs value), 2011-2017, mln. rubles

Pic. 142 Structure of imports of equipment and materials for 3D printing (customs value), 2017, mln. rubles

Pic. 143 Share of installed industrial 3D printers in leading European countries from the world’s share as a whole in 2017

Pic. 144 Dynamics of increasing the fleet of metal machines in Russia (cumulative result) 

Pic. 145 Dynamics of increasing the fleet of metal machines in the world (cumulative result)         

Pic. 146 Estimates of the Russian market of additive technologies in comparison with the world    

Pic. 147 Industry structure of the Russian market of AP technologies

Pic. 148 AP ecosystem, being created under by “Rosatom”

Pic. 149 Major players of the Russian 3D printing ecosystem       

Pic. 150 The first mass-produced product with the AM method in Russia on the certified material - swirler of the annular combustion chamber of the PD-14 aircraft engine

Pic. 151 UEC (United Engine Corporation) plans to use AP in current and future gas turbine installations

Pic. 152 Matrix of maturity of the UEC technology and production            

Pic. 153 Current level of use of additive technologies on UEC aircraft engine models

Pic. 154 Level of use of additive technologies in the promising models of aircraft engines, UEC     

Pic. 155 Constraints to the Russian AP market development according to ARCON_1          

Pic. 156 Constraints to the Russian AP market development according to ARCON_2          

Pic. 157 Comparative maturity of countries in terms of use of AP. The ratio of parts made with help of AP at the 1st and 2nd levels with the 3rd level (full-featured parts for the final product).         

Pic. 158 ARCON methodology for selection of parts for 3D printing during the technical and economic audit of the enterprise           

Pic. 159 Possibilities of JSC “FITNIK” in the field of AP     

Pic. 160 Products from INNOVEX for "farming" of parts for various industries       

Pic. 161 Parametric analysis of the SLM technology by MSTU Stankin

Pic. 162 Samples of products made of domestic metal powders on imported 3D-equipment, SLM   

Pic. 163 Design and manufacture of technological equipment for production and repair

Pic. 164 Reducing the weight of the hydraulic valve block

Pic. 165 Manufacture of spare parts of imported heavy equipment for the “Expart”           

Pic. 166 Restoration of turbine blades by laser cladding on the equipment, ILWT STU

Pic. 167 Laser cladding on working surfaces of the stabilizer       

Pic. 168 Products from JSC "POLEMA" for additive technologies (fraction 0-40)     

Pic. 169 Use of products from JSC "POLEMA" for additive technologies     

Pic. 170 Promising products from JSC “POLEMA” 

Pic. 171 Promising products from JSC “POLEMA” 

Pic. 172 Areas in which the production capabilities of JSC "POLEMA" were improved, within the framework of the “Industry development fund” project on production modernization

Pic. 173 Comparison of the quality characteristics after the modernization of production of JSC "POLEMA". Plasma spheroidization of refractory materials  

Pic. 174 Chemistry composition and base fractions of titanium metal powders “NORMIN”  

Pic. 175 Atomizers from JSC "NORMIN" for obtaining spherical titanium powder

Pic. 176 Additive technologies in RUSAL 

Pic. 177 Promising areas of RUSAL's work on AP

Pic. 178 VIAM atomizers for spheroidizing of metal powders

Pic. 179 Plasma centrifugal atomization unit (PUTSA) R-1, JSC "Sferamet»           

Pic. 180 VILS produces nickel granules with serial technology with chemical composition according to GOST R 52802-2007: EP741NP, EI698P, EP962P, VV751P        

Pic. 181 Technological process of production of spherical metal powders at JSC “Kompozit”          

Pic. 182 Tubular flange made of PEEK, manufactured by Indmatec GmbH

Pic. 183 Gear drive element made of PEEK, manufactured by Indmatec GmbH     

Pic. 184 Printing results on the ML6-3 polymetallic 3D printer      

Pic. 185 Main characteristics of SLM printers manufactured by the Russian company “Lasers and equipment”        

Pic. 186 Main characteristics of 3DSLA SLM printers

Pic. 187 Characteristics of the SLP-110 SLM printer developed by MCLT   

Pic. 188 Characteristics of the DMD KLP-400 printer developed by MCLT 

Pic. 189 Main characteristics of the Melt Master SLM printers (Rosatom)  

Pic. 190 Main characteristics of SLM printers from ILWT

Pic. 191 Additive unit for direct laser synthesis from ILWT L, delivered to the EUC “Ufa motor-building production association”

Pic. 192 Main characteristics of SLM printers developed by UrFU 

Pic. 193 General view of the M250 3D printer developed by the Russian company “Laser systems”           

Pic. 194 Main characteristics of Anisoprint (for carbon fiber printing)        

Pic. 195 Total Z Anyform PRO 450, industrial 3D printer  

Pic. 196 Supply of materials for printing with Picaso 3D printers by Russian manufacturers

Pic. 197 AT1000 sand-and-polymer printer from the Russian company “Additive technologies”      

Pic. 198 Dynamics of the number of manufacturers of industrial 3D printers in the world, pieces   

Pic. 199 New manufacturers and developers of industrial 3D printers, 2017         

Pic. 200 Key manufacturers of industrial 3D printers by country and sales, 2007-2017

Pic. 201 Three stages of 3D printing      

Pic. 202 Number of patents granted in the field of 3D printing (cumulative result) 

Pic. 203 Evolution of the functionality of 3D printers (the X-axis shows processes, the y-axis shows functionality)   

Pic. 204 Structure of industrial 3D printers in the SENVOL Database by cost         

Pic. 205 Examples of personal and industrial printers      

Pic. 206 Complex method of technology classification

Pic. 207 Comparison of the printed ABS product before and after post-processing in the acetone bath (top). Example of post-processing in printing for the needs of the US Army (below)        

Pic. 208 Classification of 3D printing equipment by device systems          

Pic. 209 Classification of raw materials used in AP technologies   

Pic. 210 3D printer selection algorithm in the SENVOL Database  

Pic. 211 Material selection algorithm in the SENVOL Database     

Pic. 212 Parameters of printer and part characteristics selection in the SENVOL Database 

Pic. 213 Parameters of material and part characteristics selection in the SENVOL Database                      

Pic. 214 Comparison table of 3D printers by criteria: price - resolution     

Pic. 215 Performance comparison chart for 4 printers     

Pic. 216 Experimental plot of printing time (min) versus resolution (mm) for FDM printing with different layer thicknes       

Pic. 217 Results of different print modes 

Pic. 218 Comparison of results after printing the same part on different Stratasys printers, using FDM and MJ technologie

Pic. 219 Comparison of printing methods, including time for the entire process     

Pic. 220 Diagram for six levels of motion between the print head and 3D printer substrate

Pic. 221 Example of substrate rotation instead of moving along x,y,z axes

Pic. 222 Printer characteristics, depending on fill 

Pic. 223 Printer characteristics, depending on fill             

Pic. 224 Changing the layer height         

Pic. 225 Dependance of the maximum allowable stress on the layer height          

Pic. 226 Dependence of the printing time on the layer height (left) and the dependence of the maximum allowable stress on the layer height in time       

Pic. 227 3D printing templates   

Pic. 228 Unidirectional and quasi-isotropic laminate        

Pic. 229 TOP 10 3D printer manufacturers          

Pic. 230 Innovative industrial 3D printers (according to ALL3DP.com)      

Pic. 231 The best 3D printers of autumn 2018 in 16 categories    

Pic. 232 The most expensive 3D printers

Pic. 233 The largest and most expensive 3D printers in 2018       

Pic. 234 Top 15 professional printers in 2018 (up to $10,000)      

Pic. 235 Top 20 large 3D printers in autumn 2018           

Pic. 236 The most popular desktop 3D printers   

Pic. 237 The best all-in-one 3D printers 2018 (scanning, laser cutting, CNC machining)

Pic. 238 The best 3D-printers with two extruders, 2018   

Pic. 239 Basic comparative characteristics of 3D printers 

Pic. 240 Maturity level and forecast of 3D printing development by industry (according to SCS)     

Pic. 241 Main development stages and growth points of additive manufacturing    

Pic. 242 Uncertainties in raw materials and processes lead to uncertainties in the properties of the final parts

Pic. 243 Main parameters that affect the AP and require monitoring         

Pic. 244 Main stages of 3D printing process / product certification (example)        

Pic. 245 Product life cycle, additive manufacturing stages, control tools and parameters, certification methods       

Pic. 246 SASAM project roadmap           

Pic. 247 SASAM standards structure       

Pic. 248 AMSC standards structure         

Pic. 249 Printing products and test specimens     

Pic. 250 Certification levels        

Pic. 251 Classification of certification schemes (main differences between mandatory and voluntary certification)   

Pic. 252 Certification procedure 

Pic. 253 Product certification schemes    

Pic. 254 Interaction of certification subjects        

Pic. 255 3D printing of a part in the Shell Technology Centre, Amsterdam

Pic. 256 Handrail with Braille signs, made in 3D printing systems 

Pic. 257 Parts of a gas turbine, made with the SLM process         

Pic. 258 Turboforce Halliburton drill bit, manufactured in additive processes         

Pic. 259 Complex part, manufactured as a single unit      

Pic. 260 Prototype of an instrument panel, made on a 3D printer 

Pic. 261 Mounting bracket for vehicle generator assembly, manufactured with the SLS technology

Pic. 262 Car emblem installer, made with FDM   

Pic. 263 Prototype of a printed circuit board made on a 3D printer           

Pic. 264 Prototype of a bracelet with thermoelectric modules and battery charging system

Pic. 265 Spiritam, drug, obtained by 3D printing  

Pic. 266 Human jaw bone 3D printing    

Pic. 267 Vertebra, printed on a 3D printer          

Pic. 268 Bone implant   

Pic. 269 Surgical pelvic model and postoperative x-ray    

Pic. 270 Making prostheses on a 3D printer        

Pic. 271 Individual shape of the hearing aid created on a 3D printer        

Pic. 272 Quality of end and horizontal surfaces of parts   

Pic. 273 Interdisciplinary cooperation and multidisciplinary approach in the production of composite materials

Pic. 274 Innovation cycle of a high-tech company           

Pic. 275 Total cost structure of 3D printing excluding capital (based on average estimates)

Pic. 276 Total cost structure of 3D printing including capital (based on average estimates)

Pic. 277 Total cost structure of 3D printing including capital (based on average estimates)

Pic. 278 Total production of the manufacturing industry: comparison of 13 countries – the largest economies in the world, 1995-2015, billion US dollars, USA

Pic. 279 Comparison of some industries (USA, China, Russia)      

Pic. 280 Gross value added and the number of people employed in manufacturing is growing in almost all countries, except Russia           

Pic. 281 Wohler's 2018 survey on the use of 3D printing. Manufacturing of functional parts dominates (33.1%)      

Pic. 282 Wohler's 2018 survey on industrial consumers of 3D printing      

Pic. 283 Forecast of 3D printing development (expectations curve), Gartner, 2017

Pic. 284 Forecast of the additive manufacturing market, BCG      

Pic. 285 Evolution of the functionality of 3D printers (X-axis shows processes, y-axis shows functionality)  

Pic. 289 Algorithm for selection of AM material and equipment, AMSelect 

Pic. 290 Example of settings in the Database of materials, J'son & Partners Consulting      

Pic. 291 Example of process selection in the J'son & Partners Consulting database

Pic. 292 Example of comparison visualization for various properties of materials, Simplify3D         

Pic. 293 Example of visualization mapping of materials and brands: impact resistance and tensile strength

Pic. 294 Example of comparison of various materials in different technologies by the parameter “ultimate strength”

Pic. 295 Example of characteristics of materials and their visual comparison         

Pic. 296 Comparison of materials by a number of characteristics and special properties    

Pic. 297 Comparison of printing cost with different printers and through the online 3D printing service       

Pic. 298 Example of arrangement of a database on SENVOL industrial printers     

Pic. 299 Example of arrangement of a database on materials for SENVOL industrial printers          

Pic. 300 Comparison some printers: by volume of construction, resolution, speed, price    

Pic. 301 Selection technology algorithm according to required materials   

Pic. 302 Selection technology algorithm according to the product appearance       

Pic. 303 Selection technology algorithm according to AM volume  

Pic. 304 Selection technology algorithm according to the application purpose and part properties   

Pic. 305 Types of materials and parts made of them       

Pic. 306 Comparison of parts manufacturing cost with different technologies, including traditional. The manufacturer is 3D Hubs Service Bureau 

Pic. 307